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评美国防长取消访华:爱来不来 耍脾气不自信了

2016-04-11 10:27:28   

美国防长卡特10日开始的亚洲之行取消了早前的访问中国计划,他将只去印度和菲律宾。卡特在临行之前的一次演讲中还表示,美将对亚太再平衡政策做出“重大投资”,在那里部署最先进的军力。他批评中国在南海的“军事化行为”加剧了地区紧张,并称许多亚太国家要求美国捍卫国际法规和原则。

卡特还表示在韩部署萨德导弹系统“是必须做的事”,而且是美国和韩国之间的事,“跟中方没有关系”。他称,“我们必须保护我们的人民,我们必须保卫我们的盟国。我们会部署的。”

现在不太清楚卡特取消对华访问是出于技术原因,还是以此要向中国传递某种信息。然而这个问题并不重要。中美发展两军关系不是谁求谁,尤其不是解放军求着美军的事情。以往两军交流经常因中美关系出问题而临时收缩甚至中断,多数情况下是美方对恢复及提升军事交流更积极些,很少发生美方拿两国军事交流“耍脾气”的情况。

如果卡特这次不来中国是表达对中方南海行动不满的话,那么它反映出美军的自信大为下降,变得敏感而情绪化了。卡特在近日的讲话中大谈美军要投入很多钱构建新的高科技打击系统,也像是要追求某种带来鼓舞的效果。

其实当下的美军已经很先进、强大了,其技术水平中国军队恐怕很多年内都追不上。但美军好像一定要做到其装备比中国军队先进不止一代,才能让它踏实。这也反映出,它针对中国的战略构建缺少正当和正义性,内在的支撑很弱,只能靠力量的绝对优势从外部来维持其所谓“合理性”。

美国来南海哪里是保护菲越等国“权益”的,南海的领土纠纷完全成了美介入这一地区的战略借口。它对中国拉开的架势大大超越了它宣示其南海政策的需要,“阻止中国霸权”也无的放矢。因为南海领土争端由来已久,中国受到诸多牵制,不太可能用快刀斩乱麻的武力方式实现本国主张。

华盛顿还是对中国崛起更为关注,对南海的事情赋予了“中国展示肌肉”“中国要制定规则”的全局性意义。它是冲着“要把中国压下去”来的。

如此一来,南海这盘棋就下大了。它似乎要变成中美战略角力的“示范区”,它的每一个细节都要承载双方的态度和意志,搞得谁也不能后退半步。至少卡特和哈里斯等美军高层给人他们在推动事态朝这个方向走的印象。

由于南海这个“示范区”就在中国家门口,美方施加再大的压力,中方只能接招,并无战略性后退的可能,美方也不时有人觉得这个较劲的地方选得不太对。华盛顿因此又在南海问题上显出犹豫的一面,像是在患得患失。

总体看美国现阶段重在做一些布局的事情,怂恿区域内国家多跟中国闹,它用巡航、联合军演等行动推动局势的升级,同时把更深军事介入和不卷入一场战争的可能性都攥在自己手上。

未来很多年里,中国一旦增强在南海以及西太平洋的活动能力,大概都会引起美方新的针对性军事部署以及其他战略回应。中国不会因为力量有所增加就感到轻松。一定要等中美在西太平洋力量对比发生根本性转折,事情的最终解决才有可能。但那将是很久以后的事。

耐力的考验将是注定的,不急不躁的中国才能走得远。现在一些小国想绑架大国,但历史上这样的成功案例少之又少。小国卷入大国冲突多数都是吃亏的。中国人也大可不必因为中美紧张而迁怒于小国。静下心来我们会发现,南海没出什么大事,几乎所有风险都在可控范围之内。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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