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新加坡防长:东南亚现军备竞赛萌芽 领头的是中国

2016-03-28 10:21:50   参考消息

资料图片:新加坡空军“黑骑士”飞行表演队。(图片来源于网络)

参考消息网3月27日报道 据新加坡国防部长黄永宏表示,东南亚地区的国防开支是个令人担忧的问题,因为军事合作并未相应扩大。

据彭博新闻社网站3月24日发表了题为《东南亚地区的军队开支无节制,令新加坡担忧》的报道称,当被问及该地区的国防支出是否令他担忧时,黄永宏回答说:“当然,它难道不会令任何人担忧吗?”在公布该国年度预算前,黄永宏在接受彭博新闻社的采访时说,新加坡本国的国防开支占国内生产总值的比例“相当高”,而且很可能将保持目前的水平。

报道称,由于面临可能与中国在该地区更强大的军事存在相形见绌的风险,尤其在有争议的南中国海,一些东南亚国家正在发展其海军和空军,并更新武器装备。这些装备有的也许服役了几十年,几乎不能再服役。各国购买潜艇和战斗机的大额交易,促使一些防务专家发出警告,警惕东南亚地区兴起的军备竞赛前景。

黄永宏说:“亚洲与欧洲不同。欧洲有战争史,从而厌恶未来发生此类冲突。而亚洲没有这样的历史,没有‘但愿永不再发生’的一刻。它没有‘亚洲永远不应该再发生冲突’的这种想法,重要的是,我们的制度不是很成熟。”

黄永宏说:“以美元绝对值而论,亚洲地区的军费开支超过了欧洲。上一个十年对亚洲而言很好。基本上,其军队正在赶上其经济的发展速度,它们在将平台现代化。”

黄永宏说,开支应该伴随着更多的军事合作。在更广泛的东南亚联盟的大伞下,多国国防部长们如今定期举行会议,但这只进行了十年。

报道称,他说:“我们没有机制,如果你看看南中国海,这正是导致一些问题的原因,没有平台。这是个很简单的想法,军队合作越多,越相互理解,是的,总会存在一些战略和战术对抗,但你摸清了对方的实力,而这有助于你谋划,实际上防止你作出错误估计。”

报道称,自2010年以来,新加坡国防开支在很大程度上保持在占国内生产总值的3%到3.3%,而这是该国每年预算中最大的一块。就占国内生产总值的比例来衡量,它超过了其它国家:据斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所报告,2014年,马来西亚的国防开支为国内生产总值的1.5%,菲律宾为1.1%,而越南为2.2%。

报道称,在亚洲军队现代化方面,领头的是中国。继去年增长10.1%后,预计中国的国防支出今年将增加7.6%,增至1460亿美元。中国军队进行全面改革,旨在加强对陆海空军和新建的火箭军的统一指挥,使得军队能更好地捍卫中国主权,在国外保护其日益扩大的利益。

黄永宏说,新加坡的国防开支保持相对较高的水平,有充分的原因。

他说:“如果你是一位军事战略家,如果你研究一下新加坡,它很难自卫,我们没有战略纵深。只有提前预警,才能弥补这点。我们完全是威慑力量,我们真的没有公开的对手,我们认为,威慑是最强有力的自卫。”

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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