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我军专家称或同时造两艘航母

2016-01-05 09:21:21   环球网

疑似国产航母甲板和滑跃台

在2015年12月31日召开的国防部例行记者会上,国防部新闻发言人杨宇军首次证实了中国正在自主开展设计和建造第二艘航空母舰。军事专家在接受央视《今日关注》采访时表示,新航母吨位稍大于辽宁舰,舰上人员的居住环境大大改善,还可携带更多的航空燃油和武器装备。

据杨宇军介绍,中国这第二艘航母正在大连进行建造,排水量约5万吨级,采用常规动力装置,搭载国产歼-15飞机和其它型号舰载机,固定翼飞机采用滑跃起飞方式;舰上将配有满足任务需要的各型设备。第二艘航母的设计和建造吸收了“辽宁舰”科研试验和训练的有益经验,在许多方面将有新的改进和提高。

据军事专家尹卓介绍,根据美国的评估,同吨位航母,若采用舰载机弹射起飞技术,其作战能力大约是滑跃起飞的6倍,我国的该评估结果数据是约为4倍。舰载战斗机弹射起飞是今后航母发展的必然趋势,对中国而言已经不存在任何技术难题。

为何中国新建造的航母仍采用了滑跃式起飞方式呢?尹卓表示,它吸收了辽宁舰的经验,以此为基础,再进一步建造更大更先进的航母是较为合理的途径。该艘新航母吨位稍大于辽宁舰,采用了先进的造船理念,舰上人员的居住环境大大改善,同时可以携带更多的航空燃油和武器装备。

此 外,新航母采用常规动力“是技术上较为稳妥的方式。”李莉说,在我国海军序列里,只有潜艇采用核动力,而潜艇的核动力发动机能否为航母提供足够的动力仍处 在探索阶段。法国就因为直接将多台核潜艇的动力装置并行安装在“戴高乐”航母上,导致航母存在动力不足的问题。“很多理论上可行的方案,在实践中仍存在着 一个渐进性的探索,这是我国在建造首艘航母时选择常规动力的一个重要原因。”

此前有外国媒体报道称,中国可能正在建造第二艘航母,有可能还有另外一艘。中国在大连建造的新航母轮廓已经显现,第8节机库构件已经上舰组装,按照当前速度新航母必然会在2016年中下水。

据 李莉介绍,对照国外吨位同档次的航母来看,建造一艘5万吨级的航母大约需要3年的时间,但航母从下水到形成真正的作战能力,还有很长的时间间隔。下水后的舾装阶段还有更大量的工作,后续设备和武器装备功能性调试大约还需要2年的时间,从舾装完成到海试还需要一年的时间。很多外媒和网友误将下水视作交付,其实这中间还需要两到三年的时间。

李莉认为,辽宁舰已成军三年,借助这三年的先期探索和大量试验,中国已具备以建造同吨位航母为起点,同时 探索建造更高端的航母的能力,而且这种方式也相对经济。考虑航母漫长的探索周期,若建成一艘再建下一艘,很多前期预设到项目真正启动时可能已经过时,所以的确存在同时并行建造两艘航母的可能。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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