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美媒:中国对南海主权声索有理

2015-12-17 11:19:17   环球网

【环球军事报道 记者 范辰言】近些年来,随着中国和南海周边国家在南海部分海域主权归属问题上产生的分歧,不少域外国家也想掺和进南海,将南海区域的和平环境搅乱,从而给中国“添堵”。而他们掺和南海问题的理由是帮助南海各国间“平衡”,在领土主权的争议中不让中国占据上风,并不时制造舆论称中国是南海地区和平的威胁者。然而国外也有明眼人,美国《国家利益》杂志网站12月16日发表文章《为什么中国的南海行动符合常理》,就对南海的历史和现状进行了阐述,表明了中国南海主权的合理性。

文章称,近些年来,中国加强了在南海方面的军事部署,也增加了在南海区域的军事活动,而这一切都是为了击碎中国在南海的岛屿领土被周边国家篡夺的企图。对于中国来说,南沙岛屿的主权是“核心利益”,因为这涉及到了领土主权。这一提法并不是最近才出现的,中国几十年来一直如此强调这一点。

文章称,从19世纪中期开始,不少殖民国家如英国、美国、比利时、意大利、法国、德国、葡萄牙、俄罗斯和日本先后对中国陆地领土进行了侵蚀,当时的中国主要精力只能放在陆地领土之上,而且当时中国海军力量薄弱,没有任何办法优先维护或保护海上边界。直到1887年,中国才开始采取行动来捍卫海洋边境并将台湾设为省,然而仅仅数年,日本便迫使中国签订《马关条约》占据了台湾岛及其附属各岛屿、澎湖列岛。直到1945年,日本战败后,中国才又有机会来划分和捍卫自己的海上边境从而摆脱外国的军事威胁、入侵和控制。

然而随着中国内战,国民党败退台湾,中国被迫长时间无法完成统一。而在1970年代开始,西方大国开始承认现在中华人民共和国的地位,毫无疑问现在的中国应当继承1949年以前中国的权利,包括当时中华民国声明所有的南沙群岛。现在,中国声明主权的海洋边境包括三个主要元素:台湾及其附属岛屿、位于东海的钓鱼岛和位于南海的西沙、南沙群岛。

文章称,此前有一些学者、媒体评论员和其他分析师经常声称中国对整个南海都进行了主权声索,这是一个误解。早在1947年中国就已经提出了“九段线”。因此,当前有不少假设认为当前的海上领土争端源于中国力量的崛起和中国海军实力的提升,这其实是并不符合实际的,中国对南海明确的主权声索已经存在了至少66年。

美媒的报道对南海的历史和现状的分析比较符合事实,其实早在汉武帝时期起,中国就开始较大规模地利用南海,宋代以来中国海事发达、南沙群岛进入中国版图。明清时期经营的层次更深,中国渔民甚至在中业岛等一些岛上建房建水井而它国所无。2015年10月28日报道的英美海军航海旧记录证明,清代和民国前期,只有中国渔民遍布南海各岛礁,并在有的岛上常年居住。而中国的九段线在很长一段时间内也被国际社会所认可。而近些年来,一些周边国家企图通过一些小动作来破坏我国南海主权领土完整,而一些不怀好意的域外国家看到了机会便如同苍蝇逐臭般一窝蜂对这些“捣乱国家”声援和实际援助,有些国家甚至“不顾吃相”,亲自上阵在南海挑衅,这些行为与他们口中所称“和平、平等”等大道理背道而驰,颇为滑稽。作为中国来说,一些跳梁小丑的卑劣演出我们不必太过在意,发展自己在南海地区的实力,建设好南海才是重中之重。

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