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张召忠:歼-20上航母困难很多

2015-10-29 08:39:10   人民网

日前,装上新式垂尾的歼-31大比例模型亮相第16届北京国际航空展,还首次公布了歼-31的技战术性能,再次引发各界对歼-31以及性能更为优异 的歼-20战机是否将装备航母的猜测。军事专家张召忠在接受北京电视台《军情解码》采访时表示,歼-31具备了典型四代机的先进特性,上舰不成问题,且该机型可与歼-15形成很好的高低搭配。但歼-20由于设计之初并没有考虑上舰的需求,如果要登上航母还有很多问题需要解决。

歼-31代号“鹘鹰”,是我国自行研制的第四代双发中型隐形战斗机,具有完全自主知识产权,综合作战效能优异,采用单座、双发、外倾双垂尾、全 动平尾的正常布局,两侧布置大S型弯曲进气道,配置内埋式武器舱。该机型前轮采用双轮设计,这是舰载机的典型特征,利于更稳当地降落在相对狭小且处于运动 中的航母跑道上。如果将歼-31部署在航母上,可以与先前服役的歼-15形成高低搭配的战斗群。

张召忠表示,歼-31具备四代机的先进性,还能吸收歼-15舰载机上成熟的技术,所以歼-31上舰应该没有问题。未来,歼-31凭借其隐身性能在前面打头阵,与歼-15高低搭配,两种机型配合作战效果会很好。

“海军的飞机考虑的因素复杂得多,陆基飞机是不可能直接在航母上进行起降的。”张召忠指出,歼-31的设计兼顾了海上防盐雾和抵抗恶劣气象、未来在航母上弹射起飞和机翼折叠、以及短距起飞所要求的大推重比等问题。

歼-31气动布局采用了隐身设计,相关措施主要包括机身边缘平行、机体表面尽量减少鼓包缝隙等雷达散射源、舱门采用锯齿状等,这些都是典型的四代机隐身设计的特征。不过,美国一些专家对歼-31的隐身性能提出了质疑。

张召忠表示,目前歼-31还未服役,仍在研制过程中,未来在试飞过程中还需要不断地改进,在这种情况下对它进行质疑是没有道理的。美国四代战机 的技术已经非常成熟,并且已经参加过一系列海外战争,从技术到实战能力都日趋完善,“中国与之相比可能稍逊一筹,但也许会找到一些新的思路反超美国。”

在单机作战方面,歼-20明显优于歼-31,歼-20是具备优越飞行性能、大弹仓、大航程的重型飞机,美国《航空周刊》曾揣测称,歼-20的舰载版本可能于2020年左右服役,而且将以每年约20架的速度装备中国海军。

张召忠认为,歼-20研制之初并没有发展舰载机的要求,辽宁舰改装也没有考虑要搭载歼-20,其尺寸放在航母上并不合适。为了满足在航母甲板着 舰需求,歼-20需要加装尾勾及一系列改装设计,这会破坏歼-20的隐身性能。而且在着舰前,歼-20的飞行速度要从两倍音速降至每小时300公里,这又 使其超音速优势被消弭。可以说,歼-20如要上舰,将面临很多困难,要解决的问题也有很多。(人民网)

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