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南海舰队列装新型三代机 机群贴海面昼夜持续飞训

2015-09-15 11:34:11   中国新闻网

平时不涉“高危” 战时何来“高分”

走进南海舰队航空兵部队,实战化的训练氛围令人印象深刻:复杂气象条件起降、自由空战、海上超长时超低空突防……一批高风险课目如今都成了“家常饭”,对于这样的险中练兵,飞行员们已是泰然处之:平时不涉“高危”,战时何来“高分”?

7月下旬,南海某海域云层低垂,附近空域伴有浓积云,气象条件非常恶劣。指挥员依然果断下令,一场海空演练如期展开。瞬间,飞行员驾驶战机直刺苍穹,穿云破雾,准时到达演习区域,灵活运用信息协同对抗战法对“敌”机发动凌厉攻击。

“航空兵的实战化训练离不开‘高危’挑战!”南航领导介绍说:“挑战面前,师团领导一律在一线指挥,首飞高难课目的也都是领导干部。”

机群编队海上远程突击历来是训练的难点,出动飞机多、组织指挥难、不安全因素多,加之要求机群贴近海面飞行,以避开作战对手的雷达跟踪。这是没人愿意闯的禁区,闯过去,打胜仗就多一分把握。今年2月,师团领导带头创造了该课目昼夜持续飞行时间的纪录,并带动飞行员训练成绩全部保持在优良状态。

唯有较着劲真练,才能在“高危”中拿下“高分”。去年以来,南航党委坚持从难从严训练,把部队置于恶劣气象、夜间、远海海域、电子对抗等复杂环境中摔打锤炼,增强实战化训练基础;贴近实战进行实兵演练,依据部队作战任务和行动方案,突出信息支撑、未知条件、随机导调和自主对抗,构设潜艇、水面舰艇、陆战、防空等作战要素立体协同和电磁环境复杂的战场环境。

前不久,一场联合实兵对抗演练拉开战幕,恰逢云低雨急,南海舰队航空兵参演部队硬是顶风冒雨强行起飞,抗击全空域复杂电磁干扰、低空高速规避“敌”火力封锁、双发导弹齐中“敌”舰船……经受多重检验、创造多个首次。

“开卷”变“闭卷” “高分”更有含金量

记者在南航某直升机团采访,团领导谈到一个数据:今年开训后,团队多次主动找到某驱逐舰支队、某潜艇支队等友邻单位,赴远海陌生环境开展舰潜机“背靠背”合练,与目标有效接触率达到70%,练就了“能跟踪、能采集、能探测、能打击”的反潜对抗本领。

打开团队训练计划表,“背靠背”、未知条件、复杂海况等一个个关键词跃入眼帘,而这些关键词都指向一个目标——真打实抗!

官兵们把这种练兵方式称为“闭卷考试”,摆脱事先预案,设置逼真战场环境,在真打实抗中提高实战能力,已成为南航部队练兵的基本准则。

为了让部队尽快适应实战环境,他们还利用演习演练等一切可利用机会,“走出去”开展常态化联合演训,完成与广空、海军某训练基地、某电子对抗团等10余个友邻单位联合协同机制的构建;组织面向实战的群众性战法创新活动,完善各类战法、训法18套;开展未知条件下突防突击训练,锤炼提升指挥机关应急指挥能力和飞行人员临机决断能力……

在南航某歼击机部队,为使对抗训练紧贴实战,他们充分利用与雷达、导弹及舰艇部队联训联演时机,展开一场场空空、空地、空海厮杀。对抗中,只明确任务和安全规定,不互通情况、不固定作战方式,让飞行员根据作战意图和空中态势灵活运用战术,全面锻炼飞行员信息化条件下自主空战和协同作战能力。

6月上旬的一个傍晚,南航某团数架战机直刺苍穹,凌厉出击,随即在空中呈网格布局待命,不多时,攻击临时目标的指令接踵而来,飞行员综合运用各种信息数据,进行雷达搜索、导弹攻击、机动摆脱,先后对机场跑道、雷达阵地、海上舰艇等多个目标实施攻击。

目标编成未知,目标数量未知,目标方位还是未知,正是这一个个“未知”让飞行员深切感受到了实战化氛围。南航领导介绍,训练中他们一直着眼实战要求,立足未知条件、变化任务,随机设置突防袭击课目,突出打击移动目标、诸兵种联合等课题,锤炼飞行员自主判断、快速搜索、实际使用武器的能力。

“高分”不是目的 “高能”才是“战标”

南航某航空兵师有多个赫赫有名的“尖刀组”,各类课目飞得好,危情险况经历多,堪称能打善战。可令人不解的是,连续几次上级组织比武,这些“尖刀”却从未参赛。师长田俊清的回答是:他们是用来为部队战斗力当“磨刀石”的。

某团飞行员朱建军,由于飞行基础好入选该团“海空尖兵”分队。经过“尖刀”模式的重点培养,在同期飞行员当中,取得安全飞行时间最长、首个完成长时间长距离海上超低空飞行、首个实现海上移动靶标连续击中等多项佳绩。不过,最让他引以为豪的却是他带出了10余个单飞新员。

“少些功利,多些忧思”这8个大字刻在南航指战员心头,他们明白,面对日益复杂严峻的海空安全形势,实战化训练必须深入推进。

某新改装部队首次实弹射击,弹无虚发、尽数命中,官兵为此欢欣鼓舞,然而南航领导却陷入沉思:设想在波诡云谲的现代海战场,如果靶标变成智能狡猾的敌人,如果电磁干扰再强一些,如果敌拦截更猛更狠……还有机会打中目标吗?他们反过来就任务展开新一轮探索研究。

某新型三代战机团完成改装任务后,赴空军某部与异型三代战机组织对抗,较量出了自己的差距;在同水面舰艇、潜艇、防空部队开展联合演练时,认识到了协同方面的不足……各类实战化问题被一一拎出。

“眼睛向外”学别人的经验,“眼睛向内”查自己的问题。南航部队把目光锁定在更远、更深,他们的目标是努力弥补短板软肋,夺取未来战场上的胜利。

海上风起云涌,一场实弹演练打响。新飞行员驾机起飞,直奔某海域。“发射!”随着一声令下,一道白光离弦而出,靶标凌空开花。3发3中的好成绩,打出了导弹的边界性能。

那一刻,海天壮阔,见证着这支部队的凌云壮志!

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