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解放军坦克嵌入新设备 驾驶员不用再忍受50度高温

2014-09-16 08:52:32   解放军报

原标题:我主战坦克首次嵌入环境控制系统

记者日前从总装装甲兵某研究所了解到:我军某新型主战坦克首次嵌入了新型舱内环境控制系统,驾驶舱内环境将得到较大改善。

坦克素有“陆战之王”美称,具有强大的突防能力。长期以来,我军各型坦克技术性能良好,但多数坦克舱内环境较差,高温令人汗流浃背,加上粉尘烟气弥漫、噪音震耳欲聋,不仅影响官兵身体健康,也制约了坦克战斗力发挥。

该所高级工程师黄官生告诉记者,在夏天,受热传导、热辐射等因素影响,狭小的驾驶舱内温度经常超过50℃。高温环境下,坦克乘员体力消耗加快、容易注意力不集中,严重时会导致眩晕、恶心,影响乘员持续作战能力。另外,现代坦克舱内配备了许多精密的电子仪器,高温环境易使部分设备电路短路、信息系统运行迟缓,影响坦克战斗力。

“世界各国,尤其是夏季气温较高的国家,为提高装甲部队战斗力,多数在坦克内设置了环境控制系统。”黄官生告诉记者,我军也曾对部分坦克加装了风扇和制冷设备,但这些措施无法从根本上解决问题。

随着我国科技水平的提升,坦克供电、蓄电技术得到较大发展,让坦克有了足够的电力供应能力,也为解决舱内环境问题提供了条件。在此基础上,总装装甲兵某研究所联合多家科研院所集智攻关,突破了“供耗电平衡”“系统优化协调”等难题,成功研制出包括空调系统在内的坦克舱内环境控制系统,并将该系统嵌入某新型主战装备。

记者了解到,该系统在坦克舱内共设置8个出风口,“四面来风”为乘员营造“冬暖夏凉”的舱内环境,使坦克在夏季行进过程中舱内比舱外温度低5℃。它还改变了单一依赖悬挂的减震模式,在座椅下方加装阻尼,实现二次减震;通过空气循环系统持续向车内输送新鲜空气,并形成舱内“超压”,有效隔绝尾气、烟尘;在动力舱和乘员舱间加装高性能隔音板,有效降低了噪声污染。(刘增宝、记者王瑶)

相关链接

世界军事强国的主战坦克,大都安装了舱内环境控制系统。比如,美国“M1A2(SEP)”坦克是美军现役最先进的数字化坦克,其配备的热管理系统组件能确保乘员舱温度在35℃以下。又如,以色列“梅卡瓦4”坦克在搭载了出色的防护装甲和先进的主炮以及电子系统的基础上,依然腾出“紧俏”空间,在驾驶舱和载员战斗舱室均安装了空调装置。

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