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探月工程首席科学家:中国6年后实现登陆火星

2014-06-24 08:21:45   林野 新京报

新京报讯 (记者林野)有着“嫦娥之父”之称的中科院院士、中国月球探测工程首席科学家欧阳自远在昨天第22届国际天文馆学会大会的开幕式上透露,我国即将开展深空探测,其中预计2020年着陆火星,2030年实现火星采样返回。

不久前,美国国家科学院公布了他们的登火星时间表,计划在2037年至2050年间以数百亿美元和“人类生命面临重大风险”的代价将人类送上火星。

昨天,欧阳自远表示,中国即将开始深空探测,将对火星以及太阳系进行探测。

主要探测火星生命活动信息

火星的探测任务主要包括探索火星的生命活动信息,包括火星过去、目前是否存在生命,火星生命生存的条件和环境以及对生命起源和地外生命的探测。

针对火星本体的科学研究,包括对火星磁层、电离层和大气层的探测与环境科学,包括火星的地形、地貌特征与分区,火星表面物质组成与分布,地质特征与构造区划;对于火星内部结构、成分,火星的起源与演化也将进行进一步的研究和探索。

欧阳自远表示火星的探测将实行轨道器加火星车的联合探测方式,计划将在2020年实现火星的着陆巡视,在2030年实现火星的采样返回。

将探寻地外生命信息

欧阳自远称,目前已有相关的太阳系探测方案,探测目标之一是探寻太阳系中地球以外的生命信息,还将进行类地行星的比较,研究太阳系的起源、形成与演化。

针对地球面临的两大主要威胁——太阳的爆发和小行星可能的撞击,欧阳自远称,探测计划未来也将对这两类天体进行观测,研究太阳的爆发和小行星可能的撞击。首次的小行星深空探测任务将依次对三颗对地球有潜在威胁的近地小行星进行探测。

计划还将更多地了解地外资源、能源与环境的利用前景,探索再造一个地球的可能性。

此外,未来还将对太阳的活动进行探测,组卫星阵对太阳进行监视,揭示太阳耀斑和日冕物质抛射中能量存储和释放的机理,以此探索太阳活动对近地空间环境的灾害性影响;通过深空探测器阵列对太阳进行大尺度射电干涉成像观测,结合多波段进行太阳和空间环境探测,追踪太阳风暴在行星际空间的传播和演变,以此探索太阳风暴对近地空间环境的影响。(来源:新京报)

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