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试飞员评红牛特技飞行队长11G过载:不得了!

2014-05-27 11:07:58   环球网

【环球军事特别报道】中国红牛特技飞行队首秀2014安阳航展开幕日,惊险刺激的无限制级特技飞行表演首次在中国上空绚丽起舞,此举在通用航空业内和特技飞行圈中引发激烈关注。中国红牛特技飞行队队长赵伟驾驶XA42表演机,献上精彩绝伦的单机特技飞行,让现场的航空爱好者首次领略到顶级极限飞行的劲爆魅力。而当歼-10战机首席试飞员遇上无限制级特技飞行队长时,会有怎样的故事发生?

国际级功勋试飞员、歼-8和歼-10首席试飞员徐勇凌先生,5月25日全程观看了赵伟队长的首次公开飞行表演之后,不仅对他的特技飞行技艺给予高度评价,还专程来到中国红牛特技飞行队此次航展的驻地安阳航空运动学校,与赵伟队长深入切磋。

首次由中国人驾驶无限制级特技飞机在自己国土上空进行公开表演,对于这项创举,徐勇凌说,他最关心的问题是,面对如此高端的极限运动飞行,现年已38岁的赵伟是如何突破一系列艰难的限制条件,毅然决然迈向这项事业?在中国空军顶级试飞员面前,赵伟侃侃而谈,他说,成为一名真正的飞行员恰是儿时的梦想,中学时代空军选飞时只因一块疤痕,他与成为一名空军飞行员失之交臂,但心中的飞行之火从未泯灭,飞行梦想始终胸中萦绕。

2010年在山东莱芜观看了XA42的特技飞行表演后,扎根于赵伟心中的飞行梦想再被触动,他决定亲身尝试。怀揣梦想,说做就做!赵伟开始多方查找资料,他了解到中国民间极少人从事特技飞行,在无限制级别更是无人触及,于是下定决心,要做中国无限制级特技飞行第一人!在众多机型中,赵伟最后挑选了世界上最贵、同时也是最顶尖的XA42特技飞机作为自己的学习目标。2011年,他远渡重洋来到德国,在对XA42飞机进行一番实地考察并试飞之后,赵伟越发相信自己一定能够掌握特技飞行,并且能够把这项无限制级特级飞行项目带到中国扎根、发芽、壮大。

赵伟坦言,在正式踏入极限运动飞行之时,他也充分考虑到了各种困难,并做好应对之策,在家人尤其是妻子的大力支持下,在朋友们的无私帮助下,加上自己的飞行天赋和在国外的系统训练,此次安阳航展上,赵伟终于完成驾驶世界顶尖特技飞机首秀中国的多年夙愿。

徐勇凌继而表示,为了这次公开表演,赵伟本人肯定做了大量的精心准备工作,在观摩现场他看得是“非常激动”,而在空中飞行的赵伟本人当时心情到底如何?赵伟说,在空中做特技飞行时并非十分激动,因为根本无暇去想这些,空中飞行时他的全部精力用于考虑每个特技动作完成得是否准确、预估下一个特技动作该如何衔接,当然,首秀当天整体上的心情状态还是愉悦并激动着。

歼-10功勋试飞员与中国首位、同时也是目前唯一无限制级特技飞行精英之间的对话,很快便转到了极为关键的一项飞行体验——过载。过载是指飞行中飞行员的身体须承受的巨大加速度,分为正过载和负过载,通常以重力加速度G的倍数来度量。正过载即在加速度的情况下,离心力从头部施加到脚,血液被推向身体下部分,大脑就可能缺血,飞行员易产生灰视或黑视,如压力持续可致昏迷。负过载是指飞行员在负加速度下飞行时(例如倒飞),血液上升到头部,颅内压增加,此时会产生不舒服甚至很痛苦的感觉。一般而言,飞行员承受的最大过载不能超过8G。

当赵伟提及此次驾驶XA42特技飞机首次公开表演最大过载达9G时,徐勇凌显然是吃了一惊!而就在在前一天的训练中,赵伟承受的过载达到了惊人的11G,也就是说体重70千克的赵伟当时承受了将近800千克的瞬时压力!更为关键的是,这些过载都是赵伟在未穿抗荷服的情况下直接承受的!赵伟随即补充说,这种9G以上的过载持续时间较短,一般是三四秒钟。两位顶级飞行员对话至此,徐先生用三个字表达了对中国首位无限制级特技飞行员、中国红牛特技飞行队队长赵伟的敬重之情:“不得了!”。

两位飞行精英的对话随后转到了中国红牛飞行表演队的座机XA42特技飞机。赵伟介绍说,XA42特技飞行表演机的标称抗过载值是±10G,而理论上是±12G。作为特技飞行世锦赛的“冠军机型”,XA42制造工艺极为精湛,系纯正的德国手工制造(美国尚不能生产类似飞机),年产量只有8架左右;该机造型优美,大小适中,可以让观众清楚的欣赏飞机所做的特技动作,而且采用全复合材料,结构坚固,韧性强劲,经历过完备的冲撞测试,座位设计独特,并配备完备的安全带,确保驾驶者的生命安全;XA42飞行加速快,无论正反旋转后,都可以很轻松地加速到322千米/小时;XA42翼弦宽大,机身较轻,并配备低速旋转支柱,飞行过程中噪音减低。赵伟还就XA42的莱康明发动机、座舱盖、仪表盘、拉烟系统等一一与徐勇凌进行了专业交流。

值得一提的是,为便于观众更好地欣赏特技飞行动作,通常情况下的飞行表演机多配备拉烟盒,而XA42的拉烟系统与众不同,采用的是环保烟油,烟油喷向排气管,经加热后喷出,在空中形成优美的白色线条。赵伟驾驶座机每次升空携带25升烟油,十分钟左右就会消耗完毕,因此,在半小时以上的特技飞行表演中,要由飞行员随时掌控最佳的拉烟时机。

最后,赵伟谈到正在辛勤备战11月份在南非举办的无限制级特技飞行世界锦标赛,赵伟满怀信心的说,作为特技飞行世锦赛上的中国第一人,他会力争拿到好的名次!徐勇凌听到此处,衷心地祝福赵伟,祝他在实现自己的特技飞行梦想路途中,继续创造更大的辉煌!

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