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两岸走近令日媒着急 称关系紧张才符合美国利益

2014-02-26 11:10:57   环球网

中共中央总书记习近平在北京钓鱼台国宾馆会见中国国民党荣誉主席连战。

日本《外交学者》杂志网站2月22日发表了题为《两岸对话中的美国赌注》的署名文章,作者哥伦比亚大学国际和公共事务学院学者维维安·莱赫奇卡·科因在文章中称,本月早些时候,台湾陆委会负责人王郁琦与国台办主任张志军会谈,将两岸关系推向了1949年以来的最高点。此次访问是一个最新例证,表明美国未能积极执行其对台政策,不能使其在该地区的安全利益最大化。

文章认为,此举是台湾执政党国民党试图抚慰大陆或与大陆拉近关系的最新举措。台湾领导人马英九竭力与大陆谈判达成海峡两岸经济合作框架协议。马英九还在去年表示,台湾和大陆的关系不是两个主权国家之间的关系。他还对教科书进行了修改,强化台湾史观的“中国色彩”。

根据条约义务,美国承诺监督台湾与大陆根据双方都接受的条件和平统一。华盛顿不支持“台湾独立”。然而,1979年的《与台湾关系法》表达了“台湾的前途将通过和平方式决定这样的期望”。因此,美国保留向台湾出售“防御性”武器的权利,尽管大陆对每次军售都表示愤怒抗议。

文章称,实际上,美国近来在两岸对话中发挥的作用是被动的,而且对更新其对台政策不予重视。里根政府以来,美国一直承诺不参与两岸会谈,但近年来,美国也没有表现出对最新两岸对话或对台湾的兴趣。奥巴马总统的亚洲再平衡战略把注意力再次聚焦整个地区,然而台湾与美国的关系一如既往地未受到重视。美国错误地假设,目前的现状是一种“实际独立”的静止局势,而不是两岸逐步和解。既然两岸紧张关系已经比20世纪90年代最严峻的时期缓和,台湾不再受到关注。

考虑到美国在保持“台湾独立”方面的安全利益,这种忽视更让人惊讶。最主要的是,台湾与大陆改善关系或可能实现的统一能够让大陆控制更多的重要海上交通线,有可能增强其海军投射力量的能力。虽然北京不一定会利用这一点来阻止美国海军进入该地区,但北京所明确表示的对美军“插手”亚太地区事务的不满增大了出现这一结果的可能性。这种事实上的、而非仅仅所主张的领海的扩张很可能支撑大陆对东海和南海岛屿有争议的主张,损害美国盟友的利益,它们对海上岛屿有着自己的主张。最后,美国在台湾设有信号情报搜集设施,随着两岸关系的改善,这些设施不太可能继续存在。

文章声称,和平具有真正的价值,不主张紧张局势应该升级。然而文章强调:可以设想,略微紧张的两岸形势可能更符合美国的安全需求。从美国的角度而言,当前更加和平的地区环境或许只会在今后带来更大的问题。和平是有代价的,在这一问题上,代价可能是美国和台湾的安全利益。

如果美国决策者不予以台湾更多的重视,台湾会继续向大陆靠拢。

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