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港媒:美日裂痕不大 中国应该理性看待美国批日

2014-02-19 10:06:16   中国新闻网

作为二战的战胜国,美国当然对日本在历史问题上的翻案不快,但美国不会赞同日本军国主义正在复兴的观点。美国之所以给了日本一点颜色看,主要的考虑还是担忧日韩关系,而不是中国的反应。

中新网2月18日电 香港《南华早报》中文网18日刊文指出,虽然美国对其盟友日本在靖国神社等问题上表达了不满,但中国应该清楚地认识到,美日的裂痕没有所想像的那么大,美国的反应恰恰反映了其试图巩固包括日本在内的东亚同盟体系,而不是担忧日本军国主义的崛起。

文章摘编如下:

自从安倍参拜靖国神社以来,不但中韩等国对日本进行了激烈的批判,就连日本的忠实盟友美国也心生不满。美国政府不但在安倍参拜后公开表达了“失望”,此次克里访问东亚也是过日本而不入。

对于中国来说,这无疑是一个联合美国、孤立日本的良机。通过在国际社会上发动舆论攻势,也在一定程度上扭转了自宣布东海防空识别区后的外交局面。

但是,中国也必须清醒地认识到,国家利益而不是对历史问题的认识才是决定国家行为的最主要因素。美日在诸多重大战略问题上存在利益一致,两国即使在参拜靖国神社问题上产生了分歧,但这种分歧绝不会像中国人所期待的那样大。

而美日两国最根本的战略利益一致,就来自于对中国崛起的平衡。美国是当前的全球霸权,而中国则被认为是最有可能挑战美国霸权的国家,如何平衡中国崛起带来的影响,这是美国战略中的根本性问题。而日本则被美国认为是平衡中国最有利的武器。

日本特别是在其经济总量被中国超过后,焦虑无疑会更加突出,而求诸与美国的联盟,则是日本最现实与有力的选择。美日两国因此取得了根本的利益一致。

作为二战的战胜国,美国当然对日本在历史问题上的翻案不快,但美国不会赞同日本军国主义正在复兴的观点。

在美国看来,日本主要还是一个经它成功改造的“民主国家”,它从内心与现实均不愿否认自己辉煌的历史“政绩”。而且,即使日本真有重回军国主义的可能,那也发生在较长时期的未来,而平衡中国的崛起,则是美国目前急需的战略任务。

美国之所以给了日本一点颜色看,主要的考虑还是担忧日韩关系,而不是中国的反应。日韩均是美国的盟国,都是美国在东亚的战略支柱。如果两国不和,美国的东亚同盟体系将产生重大裂痕,而这种不和则会为中国的崛起提供更大空间,并使其借此成为无可争议的地区领导者。而这才是美国所真正担心的。正因如此,克里在访韩时积极谈及韩日矛盾,并直言“不能坐视让情况发展到需要奥巴马总统做出那一步(指对韩日矛盾进行仲裁)的程度”。

当然,美国也会担心中日关系的迅速恶化会引起一场它不想卷入的大国冲突,以及影响中国在朝核问题上作用的发挥,但这都不表明美国会在利益与政策的天平上偏向中国而不是日本一边。

所以,对美国此次批评日本,中国没有理由沾沾自喜。美日的裂痕没有所想像的那么大,美国的反应恰恰反映了其试图巩固包括日本在内的东亚同盟体系,而不是担忧日本军国主义的崛起。中国应该在国际上继续批判日本错误的历史观,争取道义上和舆论上的主导权,但不要对美国的反应有过高的期待。(李开盛)

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