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运-20首飞细节揭秘:最小起飞距离600米

2014-02-04 14:51:06   环球网

运20最小起飞距离600米

央视首次揭秘国产运20大型运输机首飞前后细节。据参与研制试飞人员披露,运20被内部昵称为“胖妞”,从正式研制到首飞仅使用了5年左右时间。运20使用复杂的前缘缝翼和巨大的后缘三缝襟翼,最大限度为飞机在起降阶段增升。最短能在600-700米距离内起飞。使用多柱式起落架,可在条件恶劣的简易机场起降。

运10、运8以及新一代中程运输机的研制,其实都是为了圆中国人制造大飞机的梦想,目前运20也有了新的涂装,还在进行着各项性能测试,当然因为各种原因,我们还拍不到它的全貌,不过在2013年1月26日,运20首飞的时候,央视记者经过允许是独家拍摄到了它首飞前以及首飞时的画面,3日央视“战鹰解码”特别节目再度重温中国大运首飞蓝天时的壮丽场景。

2013年1月26日,天还没亮,西安飞机制造厂试飞站的工作人员就在凛冽的晨风中开始了一天的忙碌,一个馒头一碗粥,之后便匆匆赶往大运的停机坪,大家似乎都忘了刚刚过去的是个不眠之夜。

内部昵称为“胖妞”

中航工业西飞副总工程师吴元良介绍:“昨天晚上大概排到4点多,小问题,但小问题需要排查,从大飞机研制开始我就干这个,从材料的采购,一直到工装到零件加工到部装到总装到试飞,一直一路跟过来,你说咋能没感情呢。”

中航工业大运办副主任韩先理说:我管它叫“胖妞”,飞机它跟人一样,它也是有灵性的,今天出个故障可能就相当于人发发脾气、生生病,那你要帮助它去解决。

尽管“胖妞”的小毛病已经调理好了,工作人员还是提前一个多小时进场为它梳妆打扮,然后还要前呼后拥的把这个宝贝疙瘩送上跑道。

工作人员介绍:一般进场的话是每小时保持在不大于五公里的速度。

记者现场体验,运20进场就跟人走路的速度差不多。

把大运STYLE弄好弄规范

和往常一样,总设计师唐长红在试飞前仔细的端详着这个大宝贝的每个零件,哪怕是一块蒙皮一个螺栓,在他心目中交给试飞员的飞机必须是完美无缺的,而在另一边,大型运输机总工程师何胜强正在给弟兄们打气加油。

何胜强说:“你们就是飞机的主人,要沉稳,要给人感觉到充满了信心,别人不是有航母STYLE嘛,咱们要把大运STYLE给它弄好,弄得规范。”

和刚劲潇洒的航母STYLE不同,大运STYLE显得深沉稳健一些,因为一旦有一点偏差,将近两百吨的大家伙一动想拉住它可就难了。

巨鹰翱翔天际

飞机在首飞之前需要在跑道上进行滑行测试,速度慢的叫低滑,稍微快一点的叫中滑,最快的是高滑,高滑的时候飞机的起落架甚至会完全离地。每次高滑,飞行员会把飞机的速度增加一点,一次比一次更接近飞机起飞的速度。在外人看来,每次滑行测试速度也差不多,飞机姿态也没有什么区别,可在研制人员眼里,每一次滑跑都是他们的孩子在成长路上不同寻常的一步。

工作人员介绍:19、20秒,抬前轮保持了20秒,很稳定,没波动。

韩先理说:确实这个过程中酸甜苦辣,可能到首飞那一天呀已经都有人哭了,到首飞那一天我估计大家都会哭的。

起飞前,大型运输机现场总指挥唐军请示:“总指挥同志,申请放飞,请您指示。”

大型运输机行政总指挥耿汝光发出指令:“同意大型运输机001架机按批次的试验大纲首飞。”

5年多的奋斗,大运从图纸上的数据变成了翱翔天际的巨鹰,中国成为世界上少数几个具备自己研制大型运输机能力的国家,记者和研制人员一起,我们在现场感受到的不仅是一种震撼,更是一份对国家强盛的欣喜。

(据央视)

运20简介

运20重型运输机,是中国自主研发的新一代重型军用运输机,由中航工业西安飞机工业集团研发。该机参考俄罗斯伊尔76的气动外形和机体结构,并融合了美国C17的部分特点。与中国空军现役伊尔76比较,运20的发动机和电子设备有了很大的改进,载重也有提高。

运20制造由全国数千家企业共同参与,统一制造标准难度空前,是中国航空工业史的首次。运20驾驶舱设计还运用了动作捕捉技术,模拟实际操作时的情况,研制人体工学效果最优的座舱布局。

性能

翼 展:50米

机 长:47米

机 高:15米

航 程:>7800千米

最大时速:≥700千米/小时

实用升限:≈13000米

动力装置:D-30KP-2涡扇

发动机

前缘后掠角:24度

最大载重量:66吨

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